His admittance to minute subtleties of contemporary court interests was practically immediate: his dad and uncle were both in the Kashmir court. magnitude of the journals program within the Press is unique among American The kings of Kashmir described in the Rajatarangini are given below. Expelled several irreligious Brahmins who used to eat garlic (non-. Wife of Damodara. However, the intent of the translations has been insufficiently analyzed in the context of the interrelationship between Orientalist and nationalist projects and the historical and literary ideas that informed them. university presses. Built a great city called Srinagara (near but not same as the modern-day. Kalhana was an educated and sophisticated Sanskrit scholar, well-connected in the highest political circles. The couple sheltered their citizens in the royal palace during a severe famine resulting from heavy frost. According to the Mahabharata, the Kambojs ruled Kashmir during the epic period (The epic period is estimated to be roughly from 1000 to 600 BC, when some of the greatest epics such as; Ramayana and Mahabharata, came into being during this time). [25][26], Sikandar died in April, 1413 upon which, the eldest son 'Mir' was anointed as the Sultan having adopted the title of Ali Shah. It joins a long catalogue of such translations from Sanskrit beginning with that of Kautilyas The translators of Rajatarangini framed the text as more than a solitary example of Indian historical writing; rather, they engaged with it on multiple levels, drawing out, debating, and rethinking the definitions of literature and history and the relative significance of and relationship between them in capturing the identity of the nation and its regions. This article examines two translations of the textone "Orientalist" and the other "nationalist"with the purpose of interrogating these categories, by drawing out the complex engagement between European and indigenous ideas, and the dialogue between past and present that informed their production. The Rajatarangini (in a real sense, River of Kings) is an awe-inspiring sonnet (mahakavya/prabandha) created in the old-style language, Sanskrit. In recent years, it has developed its strongest reputation [Studia Indologica Universitatis Halensis 7], SlajeWalter", "The COININDIA Coin Galleries: Sultans of Kashmir", Baharistan-i-Shahi: A Chronicle of Mediaeval Kashmir, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shah_Mir_dynasty&oldid=1141211558, Tomb of the Mother of Zain-ul-Abidin in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 23:00. The polar ends of the subcontinent that these two regions represent have been lyrically evoked in the familiar poetic description of himavatsethuparyanthaam. What was the content of the text the Rajatarangini? May 29, 2021 04:35 pm | Updated July 06, 2022 12:26 pm IST. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. In style the Rajatarangini narrative is sometimes considered as versified prose on a massive scale, yet its strong structural appeal made it a model for later historians. His son Kshemagupta married Didda, daughter of Simharaja of Lohara. If you do not have an account please register and login to post comments. Son of Jayapida and Durgi. Answer. Here maybe Kutumbi = kunabi (as in kurmis of UP and. Sanskrit works on medicine and music were also translated into Persian at his instance. He endorsed the work to a few officials to make translations of the Sanskrit books Rajatarangini, Ramayana and Mahabharata into the Persian language. In that officials, Abul Fazi translated Ramayana into Persian. Jonaraja became a Kashmiri antiquarian and Sanskrit writer. Learn about a brief history of Adi Shankaracharya, one of the most revered teachers in India's spiritual history. [7] Romila Thapar equates Jalauka to Kunala, stating that "Jalauka" is an erroneous spelling caused by a typographical error in Brahmi script. . Kalhaa's account also states that the city of Srinagar was founded by the Mauryan emperor, Ashoka, and that Buddhism reached the Kashmir valley during this period. Here, the emperor's top scribes and secretaries were given the task of translating a range of Sanskrit texts, including the Rajatarangini (The History of the Kings of Kashmir) and the Ramayana, into Persian. After a young son of Yashaskara, Pravaragupta, a Divira (clerk), became king. Discuss, Ram Mohan Roy was given the title of Raja by. The Mahabharata and Kalhana's Rajatarangini were translated into Persian by his order.
A Shaivite during whose reigns Buddhists also flourished. Son of Vijaya: his "long arms reached to his knees". Zain ul Abidin, a 15th century ruler of Kashmir, appointed scribes to translate the Mahabharata and Kalhana's Rajatarangini into Persian with the aim that these translations would give an insight into Hindu philosophy and culture to the rest of the world. [7][8] Some scholars state that the Panjgabbar valley was peopled by Khasas and so ascribe a Khasa ethnicity to Shah Mir. 'Great King')[29] and ruled from 1418 to 1470. Researchers who showed up at this portrayal of the Rajatarangini as the first work of history, the last referenced drawing out the basic release of the Rajatarangini and its full English interpretation, which is perused right up til the present time. It describes almost two centuries of the old and early middle age history of the Valley. The Rajatarangini is an epic poem (mahakavya) in Sanskrit running into nearly 8000 verses that are spread over eight books or sections. It covers the whole range of history in Kashmir from the earliest times to the date of its synthesis. This king is identified by some with Huna ruler Toramana, although his successor Mihirakula is placed much earlier by Kalhana.[12]. Rajatarangini in Scholarship The most widely known Rajatarangini (River of Kings) - and the one on which the English translations discussed here are based - is a Sanskrit narrative by Kalhana Pandit dating to 1148-49 AD.1 It is written in verse in the Sanskrit kavya style and divided into eight cantos (or tarangas ), which number close to 8,000 .
'Rajatharangini' review: A Sanskrit classic from Kashmir revisited in Deposed by the minister Shura. [3] The work consists of 7826 verses, which are divided between eight books called tarangas ("waves"). Duke University Press publishes approximately one hundred books per year and And for another, Sarvagnana Peetha in Srinagar where Shankaracharya was enthroned is the one mystic chord of tradition that has endured in the Keralite imagination of Kashmir. Contextual translation of "poyu ta" from Persian into Tagalog. sfn error: no target: CITEREFBalochRafiq1998 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFSchimmel1980 (, Last edited on 23 February 2023, at 23:00, Baharistan-i-Shahi Chapter 3 EARLY SHAHMIRS, "Buddhism and Islam in Kashmir as Represented by Rjataragi Authors", "This book claims to expose the myths behind Kashmir's history. Belonged to a different family from Lava's dynasty (I.95), Known for constructing a canal named Suvarnamani, Great-grandson of Shakuni and son of Shachinara's first cousin.
Abul Fazl translated the Panch Tantra (Anwar-i-Sahili) and Faizi the story of Nal-Damayanti into Persian. Rajatarangini . He tried to abduct a Nga woman, who was the wife of a Brahmin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. After his death, the queen committed. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features.
Rajatarangini | Sanskrit, Chronicle, Meaning, & Facts | Britannica [4] It has also been suggested that he belonged to a family which accompanied the sage Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, and who were associated to either the Kubrawiya Sufi groups in Kashmir. The work generally records the heritage of Kashmir, but 120 verses of Rjatarangi describe the misrule prevailing in Kashmir during the reign of King Kalash, son of King Ananta Deva of Kashmir. Get all the important information related to the Railway Exam including the process of application, important calendar dates, eligibility criteria, exam centers etc. Hence the correct answer is Option B. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Such striking historical details aside, the preeminent fact is that Kalhanas is a literary text of extraordinary merit. It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE. thirty journals, primarily in the humanities and social sciences, though it
Zain-ul-Abidin - Wikipedia Persian Literature: How Kashmir Came To Be Known As 'Little Iran' Examples translated by humans: MyMemory, World's Largest Translation Memory. November 1941, offering Asianists a wealth of information unavailable (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access.
Persian Literature During Delhi Sultanate - MCQ Books How long is MOT certificate normally valid? He erected a monument at. His son Jayendra was followed by Samdhimati-Aryaraja (34 BCE-17 CE) who had the soul of Jayendra's minister Sandhimati. [6] Although "Jina" is a term generally associated with Jainism, some ancient sources use it to refer to the Buddha. Although inaccurate in its chronology, the book still provides an invaluable source of information about early Kashmir and its neighbors in the north western parts of the Indian subcontinent, and has been widely referenced by later historians and ethnographers. An unpopular king, he was killed. Because of the rising Buddhist influence, people stopped following the Shaivite, Gonanda III founded a new dynasty. His father Champaka was the minister (Lord of the Gate) in Harsha of Kashmir's court. 3 Who was the last king of Gonanda dynasty? Although the earlier books are inaccurate in their chronology, they still provide an invaluable source of information about early Kashmir and its neighbors in the north western parts of the Indian subcontinent, and are widely referenced by later historians and ethnographers. Despite these stated principles, Kalhana's work is also full of legends and inconsistencies (see Historical reliability below). Hari Parbat is visible in the background. His writing is full of literary devices and allusions, concealed by his unique and elegant style. Next Sultan of Kashmir was Haji Khan, who succeeded his father Zain-ul-Abidin and took the title of Haidar Khan.[30]. Compared to translations in other languages, Raman Menons craft is remarkable for its lucidity and elegance. He is most remembered for his Advaita Vedantist text, the Dasbodh. How much stuff can you bring on deployment? The Karkota line came to a close with the usurpation of the throne by Avantivarman, who started the Utpala dynasty in 855. Rajatarangini ("The River of Kings") is a metrical legendary and historical chronicle of the north-western part of India, particularly the kings of Kashmir. The courtyard of the Jama Masjid, Srinagar. The first translation of a portion of the Rajatarangini was carried out in Persian, at the behest of Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin (1421-1472) A.D of Kashmir. that the material was genuinely picky. Running into almost 8000 stanzas that are inconsistently disseminated among eight books or areas, the Kalhana Rajatarangini is a record of the illustrious administrations that administered the realm of Kashmir from its putative starting points to the writers own time. He was also called the Lalitaditya of Medieval Kashmir as he erected many mosques and monasteries. Answer: It is court chronicle that deals with the history of rulers of Kashmir. He showed shockingly progressed specialised mastery for the time in his anxiety for offbeat sources. Jonaraja became a Kashmiri antiquarian and Sanskrit writer. Rajatarangini, (Sanskrit: "River of Kings") historical chronicle of early India, written in Sanskrit verse by the Kashmiri Brahman Kalhana in 1148, that is justifiably considered to be the best and most authentic work of its kind. After that, the English translation. This refers to the fact that the power had passed to the brothers of a queen, who was born in a family of spirit-distillers. The Tusharas did not give a fight but fled to the mountain ranges leaving their horses in the battle field. In subsequent years, through his tact and ability Shah Mir rose to prominence and became one of the most important personalities of his time. Does adding salt to water increase conductivity?
Verse 15. Kalhana in his opening Taranga of Rajatarangini presents his views on how history ought to be written. Made his brother Sussala the ruler of Lohara. The kings of Kashmir described in the Rjatarangi can be roughly grouped into dynasties as in the table below. Another television serial based on this work has been completed by National Award winning director, Jyoti Sarup. Then Lalitaditiya meets the Bhauttas in Baltistan in western Tibet north of Kashmir, then the Dardas in Karakoram/Himalaya, the Valukambudhi and then he encounters Strirajya, the Uttarakurus and the Pragjyotisha respectively (IV.165-175). recognized as the most authoritative and prestigious publication in the The summary is from J.C. Dutt's translation. [20][18][19] Economic condition was decent. Made in Kasmir, Rajputana, and Central India, Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Invoking the Past: The Uses of History in South Asia, The King of Controversy: History and Nation-Making in Late Colonial India, The Frail Hero and Virile History: Gender and the Politics of Culture in Colonial Bengal, Vernacular Histories in Late Nineteenth-Century Banaras: Folklore, Puranas and the New Antiquarianism, Indian Economic and Social History Review, Creative Pasts: Historical Memory and Identity in Western India, 17001960, The Making of an Indian Nationalist Archive: Lakshmibai, Jhansi, and 1857, Orientalism and the Postcolonial Predicament: Perspectives on South Asia, Kings of Kashmira: Being a Translation of the Sanskrita Work Rajatarangini of Kahlana Pandita, Kings of Kashmira: A Translation of the Sanskrita Work of Jonaraja, Shrivara and of Prajyabhatta and Shuka, History of KashmiraA Contribution Towards Ancient Indian History, Politics and Society during the Early Medieval Period: Collected Works of Professor Mohammad Habib, Translation and the Colonial Imaginary: Ibn Khaldun Orientalist, The BJP's Intellectual Agenda: Textbooks and Imagined History, A Critical Study of Indo-Persian Literature: During Sayyid and Lodi Period, 14141526, Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times, Bangalore Printing and Publishing Company, The Unhappy Consciousness: Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay and the Formation of Nationalist Discourse in India, Pretexts and Paratexts: The Art of the Peripheral, The Question of History in Precolonial India, Siting Translation: History, Post-Structuralism, and the Colonial Context, The Hindi Public Sphere, 19201940: Language and Literature in the Age of Nationalism, Rajatarangini: The Saga of the Kings of Kasmir, The Scope of Happiness: A Personal Memoir, Aurel Stein in Kashmir: The Sanskritist of Mohand Marg, Invisible Women, Visible Histories: Gender, Society, and Polity in North India, Seventh to Twelfth Century AD, Textures of Time: Writing History in South India, 16001800, Defining the Household: Some Aspects of Prescription and Practice in Early India, Turbulent Waves: Construction of Gender Relations in the, Negotiating India's Past: Essays in Memory of Partha Sarathi Gupta, History as Conceived by the Ancient Hindu and Other Nations, Ancient Indian Historiography: Sources and Interpretations, Medieval Kashmir and the Science of History, South Asia Institute, University of Texas, Kalhana's Rajatarangini: A Chronicle of the Kings of Kasmir, Imperial Encounters: Religion and Modernity in India and Britain, Studies of the Kashmir Council of Research. He reigned for three years and five months from 1339 to 1342 CE. Postmodernism is the literary period, the beat generation aligned with. [19][21] Scholars caution against accepting the allegations at face value and attributing them solely to religious bigotry. This refers to the fact that the power had passed to the brothers of a queen, who was born in a family of spirit-distillers. does also publish two journals of advanced mathematics and a few publications